Bullying in South Africa: A Deep-Rooted Social Challenge

By Gillian Hugo

Bullying is a pervasive issue in South Africa, manifesting across multiple layers of society—from schools to the political arena and even on the nation’s roads. Bullying is often associated with childhood behaviour, but in South Africa, it reflects deeper social problems such as inequality, violence, and the misuse of power. The broader social implications become apparent when considering the prevalence of bullying in various sectors. There is an urgent need for cultural change.

In schools, microcosms of society, reported incidences of bullying are on the rise. In April 2025, HJW Attorneys and Conveyancers published an article stating, “More than 3.2 million learners are bullied yearly in South Africa.” In October, a bullying incident at Milnerton High School in Cape Town made the news headlines when a group of boys physically and verbally attacked one of the school’s learners. Physical aggression, verbal abuse, cyberbullying, emotional and relational bullying and social exclusion are common, often linked to socio-economic disparities and exposure to violence at home or in communities. The Department of Basic Education has attempted to address this issue through initiatives such as the National School Safety Framework, yet many schools lack the resources and trained staff to enforce anti-bullying measures effectively.

In a recent interview with Xoli Mngambi of Newzroom Afrika, Cynthia Khumalo, an Ambassador of 1000 Women Trust, commented that schools are not equipped to deal with bullying. Teachers, already burdened by large class sizes and limited support, struggle to monitor and intervene in every incident. The result is a culture where aggression and violence become normalised, children are desensitised, and the victims suffer in silence.

The behaviour seen in schools often mirrors the bullying patterns evident in South African politics: intimidation, public humiliation, and abuse of power. Some politicians use threats and verbal attacks against their opponents and within their own parties, rather than promoting constructive debate. Parliamentary sessions provide more entertainment than a circus, with all the shouting, personal insults, and displays of dominance rather than respectful dialogue. A damaging message is sent to the public: power and intimidation, rather than empathy and collaboration, are the means to achieve influence. The tone that political leaders set has a ripple effect, legitimising bullying as an acceptable form of control.

On the streets, roads and highways, the taxi industry presents another glaring example of bullying. Minibus taxi drivers are essential to South Africa’s transport system, and carry millions of commuters daily. Yet, the industry is also notorious for aggressive behaviour, road intimidation, and violent disputes over routes. Taxi wars, clashes between rival associations, and reckless driving have resulted in many deaths over the years. Even in daily operations, bullying tactics such as verbal abuse of passengers and disregard for traffic laws contribute to a sense of fear and chaos on the roads. These behaviours reflect broader systemic issues such as limited regulation, economic desperation, and the normalisation of violence as a way to assert dominance or secure income.

The fight against bullying in South Africa is a fight for the right of every person, whether a learner, commuter, or citizen, to live without intimidation. Accountability should be integrated between home, schools and communities. Parents should instil foundational values and create a safe environment. Schools need comprehensive anti-bullying education. Politicians must model ethical leadership. Only by confronting the culture of bullying head-on can South Africa move toward a society grounded in respect, justice, and peace.

As a society, we would be wise to heed the words of Jesus, “But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, that you may be children of your Father in heaven.” (Matthew 5:44), and “Do to others what you would have them do to you.” (Matthew 7:12)